The Academic Resource Center (The ARC) is a place to get help with your writing and your citation concerns. The link below is to a whole LibGuide dedicated to answering your questions about writing and citation for different disciplines. The ARC is also the place you can get individual tutoring in almost any class you're taking, as well as connect to scheduled drop-in sessions for writing and other disciplines... like Math!
Click below for the Writing LibGuide.
This manual is available in an online version. LMU only
[Note: 16th edition, 2010; online version will access both 16th and 15th eds.]
Chicago Manual of Style, 16th ed.Here are some segments of the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th ed., relevant for Biblical and other Sacred Scripture references. Remember, you'll need to use your MyLMU login and password to access from off campus.
Scriptural references for various religions, 8.102–3.
See also religious works
Biblical citations:
abbreviations in, 10.45–51
chapter and verse, 14.253
resources on, 14.252
versions of Bible in, 14.254
See also Bible
Biblical references are given in numerals only; chapter and verse are separated by a colon with no space following it. For abbreviations, see 10.45–51.
SBL Handbook of Style
St. Mark
Modena Cathedral
High Altar apse, mosaic
Photo: T. Amodeo 2010
The Modern Language Association style is used in the fields of language and literature.
When citing the Bible in the TEXT of your paper, use parenthetical citations:
Your first citation from a Bible should tell exactly what version of the Bible (NRSV, NIV, New American...) you are citing. Use a parenthesis, and include the underlined or italicized exact title of the Bible. Then tell which Biblical book you are citing (Genesis, Matthew, 2 Corinthians...) but NOT underlined or italicized. Then tell which chapter and which verse or verses.
Example:
.... portraying Jesus' emotions as, for example, "And when he saw the crowds he felt sorry for them because they were harrass1ed and dejected, like sheep without a shepherd." clearly showing that he felt human emotions (New Jerusalem Bible, Matt. 9.36).
Your second citation and after for the same Bible edition should only include the boo, chapter and verse/verses within the parentheses. And if, for some reason, you are using more than one Bible version, make clear which one is being cited.
Example:
As plainly stated, "...because they trample on the heads of ordinary people and push the poor out of their path," the Lord of All takes them as far from righteous (Amos 2.7).
For your Bibliography/Works Cited page, list the exact edition/translation you used, including editor or editors, and then the standard publication information for a book, i.e. place of publication, publisher, and year. Double-space between lines and entries.
Example:
The New Jerusalem Bible. Ed. Susan Jones.
New York: Doubleday, 1985. Print.
Note: Your instructor may direct you to use a format not included here, or may direct you to use a variation of one of these formats. Be sure to make yourself aware of each instructor's preference, and be consistent within your paper.
Chicago
The Chicago Manual of Style is used in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Many of the theology and philosophy faculty prefer this style.
APA
The American Psychological Association style is used in the social sciences, business, anthropology, and some of the life sciences. Not usually used for theological papers.
A Digital Object Identifier or DOI is an unique code that is used to identify materials that exist in an online environment. They are very similiar to the ISBN codes that are used to identify books and magazines. By using this code, students, scholars, editors and librarians can locate an online article even if it it's URL (web address) changes over time. The DOI for an article will never change, providing a permanent way to identify articles online.
The location of a DOI will be slightly different for each publication. Many articles, particularly older works, may not have DOI. Look for the DOI letters followed by an alphanumeric sequence that begins with the number 10. They are usually at the top of an article, nearby or long with the other citation information.
Examples:
10.1000/186
10.1016/j.iheduc.2003.11.004
10.1146/annurev.anthro.33.070203.143900
St. John, by Ambrogio Bonvicino
Sant' Andrea della Valle, Rome
photo: T.Amodeo 2010