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Citation Styles  Tags: mla apa chicago citing_sources citations  

A quick guide for APA, Chicago, MLA citation styles and more.
Last update: Nov 11th, 2009 URL: http://libguides.lmu.edu/citations  Print Guide  RSS Updates

APA Style             Print Page
  
 

6th Edition Corrections!

**Please note: Some errors occurred in the first printing of the sixth edition of the Publication Manual.

Three sample papers have been corrected and are posted on the Web for download.  Access the corrected sample papers at www.apastyle.org by clicking first on "Related Resources" and selecting the "Sample Papers" option from the left-hand column.

The complete list of errors that will be corrected in the second printing of the Publication Manual can be found at www.apastyle.org by clicking on "Supplemental Materials" and selecting "Reprint Corrections" at the bottom of the page.  The majority of these are typographical errors that do not affect the content and guidance in the chapters.

You may also wish to visit the APA Style blog at http://blog.apastyle.org/, where the publishers interact with readers daily to clarify difficult points of style.

 

In-Text Citations


(see pages 174-179 in APA manual)

In-text documentation is done through an author-date system, allowing the reader to locate your citation in your Reference list.
 
If the name of the author appears in the text, cite only the year of publication in parentheses (example 1).  Otherwise, place both the author's name and date of publication in parentheses, separated by a comma (example 2).  If both the author and year appear in the text, do not include a parenthetical citation.

Example 1: Jenkins (2003) described the beginning stages...
Example 2: In the beginning stages... (Jenkins, 2003)

For 2 authors: cite both names every time
For more than 2 authors: cite all authors the first time, then only the 1st author plus et. al. subsequently

 
 

Books


General Format

AuthorLastname, F. I. (Date). Book title. Location: Publisher.

Book

DeCarbo, M. A. (1969). Mentorship among older and younger college students. Berkeley, CA: University of California.

Article or chapter in an edited book

Franciscu, J. B., & Chiarini, L. B. (1992). Clarity at last: Including personal spiritual beliefs in patient motivation evaluation. In R. M. Bright III (Ed.), Aspects of Pscychology: Vol. 7. Psychology and Religion (2nd ed., pp. 24-68). Hagerstown, PA: Amicus.

 

Journal articles


General Format

AuthorLastname, F. I. (Date). Article title. Journal Title, Volume(Issue or Number), pages.

Journal article, two authors

Tenn, I. Q., & Peller, R. (1989). Violence in entertainment media [Electronic version]. Perspectives in Psychology, 23(3), 9-19.

Journal article from a database

Prdziebylo, I. L., Korzybski, C. L., & Gimpelowicz, Z. (1991). Interpersonal cognition and sibling rivalry in large families. Polish Journal of Psychology, 74, 329-348. doi: 10.1037/2078-6133.25.2.233

**For more information on doi's (Digital Object Identifiers), please consult the APA manual pp.187-192.

 

Web site

*Provide as much information as possible.

General Format

AuthorLastname, F. I. (Date of Publication). Web Article Title (if applicable). Title of Web Site. Retreived date, from http://website.com

(If no author listed, begin the entry with the Web Page Title)

Entire Web site

Thaller, M. (2007). Cool Cosmos. Retrieved August 27, 2008, from http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/

 
 

APA style

The American Psychological Association style is used in the social sciences, business, anthropology, and some of the life sciences.


Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
Reference BF76.7 .P83 2010

 
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